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Oliver Goodall (May 28, 1922 – October 30, 2010)〔()〕 was one of the Tuskegee Airmen. He was involved in the Freeman Field Mutiny, and he was active member in the Tuskegee Airmen, Inc. Goodall attended the University of Detroit. He joined the Tuskegee airmen in Pasadena. Although Goodall was a Tuskegee Airmen, he did most of his training at Selfridge Field with the rest of the 477th medium bomber group. As an African American he faced a lot of racism. He overcame this to become a pilot. After his training he was assigned to the 477th Bombardment Group. It was at that Group that the mutiny occurred. The Freeman Field mutiny was a culmination of many events that were caused by racism. The first was the switch from the 477th home base to a much smaller and less well-equipped base. The second being the racist commander not allowing blacks and whites to talk to each other, and the third not allowing the black officer into the officer club. This then led to 162 black officers walking into the club and then being arrested. Eventually they were acquitted. The 477th was activated on January 15, 1944 at Selfridge Army Air Field, Michigan, about 40 miles (65 km) from Detroit(477 bomber group). This base now has a 9,000 foot (2,770 m) runway but this was not always so. This base was opened on July 1, 1917 on that were leased by the Army for $190,000 from Henry B. Joy, the president of the Packard Motor Company. The Field was named after Lt. Thomas Selfridge, the first military officer to die in an aviation accident. he died while flying with Orville Wright at Fort Myer, Virginia on September 17, 1908. After World War II the base expanded to its present size of and now the base is controlled by Michigan Air National Guard However, for a short time the base was home to the 477th. ==The B25== The 477th was a medium bomber group, and like most medium bomber groups of their day they flew the B-25 Mitchell. The B-25 is a twin engine medium bomber that was manufactured by North American Aviation. North American Aviation Inc. was founded on December 6, 1928 by Clement Keys as a holding company that bought and sold interests in various airlines and aviation-relation companies. However, the ''Air Mail Act'' of 1934 forced the breakup of such companies. So in order to continue business North American Aviation started building planes for the war effort. North American Aviation was responsible for a number of historic aircraft like the P-51 Mustang, F-86 Sabre Jet, the Apollo Command and Service Module as well as the B-25. Despite all of this company’s glory, North American Aviation was bought out in December 1996 by Boeing. Although this company no longer exists North American Aviation was responsible for many of our countries greatest aircraft. The B-25 was a major factor throughout World War II. In both the Pacific and the European theater the B-25 was used to great effect. Throughout history the B-25’s are famous for two main things: *The first is the famous Doolittle Raid. These Raids took place during April 1942. These raids were led by the legendary LT. Col. Jimmy Doolittle, who took of from the carrier USS ''Hornet'' and successfully bombed Tokyo and four other Japanese cities. However 15 of the 16 planes crash landed in Eastern China due to lack of fuel. *The other incident is more infamous than famous. This event occurred on Saturday, July 28, 1945 at 9:49 a.m. This is when a B-25 was flying through thick fog and then crashed into the north side of the Empire State Building.This crash happened between the 79th and 80th floor and was responsible for the lives of fourteen people. However this event led to one of the more famous survival stories. This occurred when an elevator’s cables snapped at the 75th floor and the elevator operator plunged over a thousand feet and lived. Now lets talk about the B-25 from a more technical side. The B-25 Mitchell is a twin engine medium bomber and the B-25 had two Wright R-2600-13 Double Cyclone fourteen-cylinder air-cooled radials, rated at 1700 hp each for takeoff and 1500 hp at 2400 rpm. Equipped with Holley 1685HA carburetors or Bendix Stromberg carburetors. The B-25 is named after General Billy Mitchell and is the only American military aircraft named after a specific person. The B-25 can be flown by a six person crew. The B-25 has multiple turrets. The plane has one in the front or also known as the bombardier’s compartment and there is also another turret known as the upper turret. Then there is another turret that is in the radio operator's compartment and the gunner is known as the waist gunner. Then the last turret is in the tail and the gunner is known as the tail gunner. Another important bit of information is that each turret had at least two 50 caliber machine guns and each gun ammo capacity was from three hundred to four hundred rounds. Also this plane can deliver up to 4,000 pounds (1800 kg) of bombs and some could carry 8 × 5 in (127 mm) high velocity aircraft rockets. Besides firepower the B-25's had some pretty good armor. The B-25's were equipped with ¼ inch (6 mm) armor along the bombardier compartment, the pilot compartment and the upper turret. Then the rest of the plane had 3/8 inch (10 mm) armor around most of the hull, but an interesting note is that there is ½ inch armor behind the tail gunner that was used to protect the tail gunner from the upper turret gunner. (Heavenly Body) The B-25 has a wingspan 67 feet 6.7 inches, length 53 feet 5.75 inches (bomber version), height 16 feet 4.2 inches, wing area . (Heavenly Body) The plane has a normal operating weight of 33,000 pounds (15,000 kg) but even though the plane is very heavy the plane has a cruising speed of and that plane has a range of 1275 miles.(Heavenly Body) The B-25 was so useful that it was used by the Army, Air force and the Navy. This plane was also used by Australia, the United Kingdom, China, The Netherlands and the Soviet Union. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oliver Goodall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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